占道经营行为合法化路径研究——以公物特许利用为视角

Legalization of Road Occupation Business Behavior ——Based on the Point of Public Property Theory

行政机关与占道经营者长达十多年的“战争”彰显了取缔措施的无效。在此背景下,城市管理综合执法机构进行了治理的创新行为——拍卖占道经营权。占道经营行为违法性根源在于经营者无法取得道路的使用权。占道经营行为合法化首先须通过公物法的规定,行政机关以行政特别许可的方式赋予占道经营者对道路合法的特别使用权,通过“产权”机制解决外部性问题。此外,为了优先满足道路供公众一般自由通行的价值,公物管理机关可设置占道经营的禁止区、严控区以及诱导区。就费用而言,公物管理机关对占道经营者收取的费用不宜过高。

The war between the administrative authorities and street vendors reflects the ineffectiveness of the action of ban.Under this circumstance,the administrative authorities manage to auction the road occupation rights,which is absolutely an illegal practice.The illegality of the behavior relies on the lack of access to the right of utilizing the road.Considering that roads are typical type of shared public property,the legalization of the occupation behavior depends on the public property law to admit the special use of the property,and the administrative authorities grant street vendors the franchise rights,which will help to solve the negative externalities.Moreover,to give priority to the value of the normal use of transportation,the public property authorities shall set up forbidden areas,strictly controlled areas and induced areas.Last but not least,the cost of the franchise right shouldn’t be too high.