中国乡村旅游政策体系的演进历程及趋势研究——基于30年数据的实证分析

Evolution and Trend of Rural Tourism Policy System in China: an Empirical Analysis Based on 30-years Data

本文通过自主研发的"中国乡村旅游政策大数据监测网络平台",全面搜集了1989-2018年中国政府颁布的乡村旅游政策文件,按照"数量-结构-主体-内容-体系"的政策分析框架进行了定性与定量研究,揭示出乡村旅游政策体系演进的特征:政策数量和结构与乡村旅游的阶段发展特征相匹配,政策导向与干预内容始终与国家战略目标相契合,政策体系正在初步构建;政策发文主体层级逐步上升、发文部门日趋多元,政策统领性、协同性不断增强,但仍存在顾此失彼的部分"政策洞",实施效率也有待提高。基于此,本研究反思了当前乡村旅游发展的热点与难点问题,对乡村旅游政策体系的趋势走向进行了预测推演,由此提出了政策制定系统化、政策运行标准化、政策落地绩效化、政策反馈双向化等四项建议。

Through independent research and development of "China’s rural tourism policy data monitoring network platform",this paper collects the rural tourism policy documents issued at the national level in China from 1989 to 2018,carries out qualitative and quantitative research according to the policy analysis framework of "quantity-structure-subject-content-system",and reveals the characteristics of policy system evolution.The number and structure of policies match the characteristics of rural tourism development in each stage,the policy orientation and intervention content are consistent with the national strategic objectives,and the policy system is being preliminarily constructed.The main body level of policy communication is gradually rising,the departments of publishing are increasingly pluralistic,and the dominance and synergy are constantly enhanced.However,there are still some "policy hole" that ignores one or the other and the implementation efficiency needs to be improved.Based on this,this paper makes predictions and deductions on the trend of rural tourism policy system:systematization of policy formulation;standardization of policy operation;performance of policy implementation;bidirection of policy feedback.