智能教育背景下新工科教学改革:框架设计与实施路径

Emerging Engineering Education Reform under the Background of Intelligent Education: Framework Design and Implementation Approaches

新工科是应对世界新技术革命培养卓越工程人才的新型教育。面临智能教育的浪潮,新工科教学模式存在明显不足:教学环境"单调"与"刻板",缺少智能引领;学习方法"常规"与"相似",忽视学生个性差异;师资队伍"重科研"与"轻实践",缺乏实践经验;评价方式"片面"与"封闭",欠缺行业认定。为了解决上述问题,需要构建智能技术引领的智能化教学环境系统,支持新型的"教"与"学";应用智能化学习系统,促进学生个性化学习;建设产生过程数据的智能化导师系统,助力教师精准教学。因此,新工科教学改革应加强顶层设计,促进智能教育快速发展;搭建智能数据平台,促进新工科教学方式变革;加强师资队伍培养,推进智慧教学范式;运用可视化平台,科学评价教学效果。

Emerging engineering education is a new type of education to cultivate outstanding engineering talents in response to the new technological revolution in the world. However, the teaching mode of emerging education has obvious shortcomings: "dull" and "rigid" teaching environment caused by the lack of intelligent education, the lack of individualized learning methods, insufficient attention of teachers to practice and lack of professional evaluation and accreditation. In order to solve the above problems, an intelligent teaching system led by intelligent technologies should be built which can support the new "teaching" and "learning" methods, and an intelligent learning system should also be built to promote individualized learning. In addition, we should build an intelligent system for supervisors which can produce process data to improve teaching quality. Therefore, emerging engineering education is supposed to accelerate intelligent education development, build intelligent data platforms, improve faculty training and utilize visual platforms to evaluate teaching outcomes scientifically.