9个山羊品种微卫星DNA遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of microsatellite DNA of nine goat breeds

为了研究湘东黑山羊、川东白山羊、云岭山羊、板角山羊、黄淮山羊、圭山山羊、贵州白山羊、安徽白山羊和波尔山羊9个山羊品种的遗传多样性,利用微卫星标记技术检测了4个微卫星座位(Oar AE101、Oar HH55、BM1329、BM143)的多态性。结果表明,9个山羊品种的4个微卫星座位中共检测到53个等位基因,9个山羊品种的期望杂合度(He)和观察杂合度(Ho)均在0.850以上,属于高杂合群体;9个山羊品种4个微卫星座位的PIC均值在0.820以上,属于高度多态微卫星DNA座位,可提供大量的遗传信息,具有遗传多样性评价优势,其中PIC值最高的是圭山山羊(PIC=0.857);主成分分析与UPGMA聚类分析结果显示贵州白山羊、云岭山羊与圭山山羊亲缘关系较近,川东白山羊与板角山羊亲缘关系较近,湘东黑山羊、黄淮山羊与安徽白山羊亲缘关系较近,引入的波尔山羊自成一类,它与其他山羊亲缘关系较远。综上,9个山羊品种均具有较高的遗传多样性,其中圭山山羊的遗传多样性最丰富,贵州白山羊遗传多样性最低;各品种之间的亲缘关系符合不同品种的地理位置与育成史。

In order to study the genetic diversity of 9 goat breeds including Xiangdong black goat,Chuandong white goat,Yunling goat,Banjiao goat,Huanghuai goat,Guishan goat,Guizhou white goat,Anhui white goat and Boer goat,The diversity of four microsatellite loci(OarAE101,OarH55,BM1329,BM143)was detected by microsatellite marker technique.The results showed that a total of 53 alleles were detected at 4 loci of the 9 goat breeds mentioned above,and He and Ho of the 9 goat breeds were all above 0.850,belonging to the high Heterozygote population.The average PIC of 4 microsatellite loci in 9 goat breeds was above 0.820,belonging to the highly polymorphism microsatellite DNA loci,which can provide a large amount of genetic information and has the advantage of genetic diversity evaluation.The PIC with the highest value is Guishan goat(PIC=0.857).In addition,the results of principal component analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis showed that Guizhou white goat,Yunling goat and Guishan goat were closely related,Chuandong white goat and Banjiao goat were closer,Xiangdong black goat,Huanghuai goat and Anhui white goat were closer.The introduced Boer goat belonged to a group,and it was far from other goats.In summary,The genetic diversity of the 9 goat breeds was higher,among which the genetic diversity of Guishan goat was the most abundant and the genetic diversity of Guizhou white goat was the lowest;the genetic relationship between the goat breeds was consistent with the geographical distribution of the goat breeds and the breeding history of the breeds.