孤独症谱系障碍个体的视听言语整合研究述评

The Audiovisual Speech Integration of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

孤独症谱系障碍个体的视听言语整合存在异常。注意、时间感知缺陷、唇读能力缺陷、噪声背景都可能是孤独症人士产生视听言语整合缺陷的原因。神经生理层面的研究为探究孤独症人士视听言语整合缺陷的深层原因提供了证据,该类研究表明他们颞叶区域的活动以及N4、N1、P2等脑电成分波幅存在异常,大脑皮层之间的连通性较低。未来应该进一步探究孤独症人士视听言语整合能力的发展趋势,同时开发以言语整合为基础的干预方法。

The alteration of audiovisual speech integration of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders(ASD)is a severe problem.There are two quite different views on the development of the audiovisual integration ability:One is that the development of this ability is delayed,while the other points out the development of this ability is arrested.The deficits on attention,time perception,the flaw of lip movement recognition,and the noise background have different effects on audiovisual speech integration of individuals with ASD.The neurophysiological studies showed abnormal brain activities with ASD,such as temporal lobe activities,amplitudes of N4,N1,P2 ERP components,weak connectivity between the cerebral cortexes.Future studies should explore the audiovisual semantic integration,build a new theoretical framework,and develop intervention techniques based on speech integration.