广东梅州客家地区脑死亡器官捐献43例分析

Analysis of 43 successful cases of brain death donation in Hakka area

目的对客家地区脑死亡供者器官捐献的案例进行分析,总结案例特点。方法回顾性分析客家地区脑死亡供者器官捐献成功案例,分析供者年龄、死亡原因、职业、学历及年龄构成、生命支持手段、感染等情况。结果共有43例供者,死亡原因主要为车祸致颅脑外伤(60.5%)、脑血管畸形破裂出血(13.9%),供者中以非固定职业人员如无业人员(27.9%)、自由职业(23.2%)以及低教育程度如中学(62.8%)、小学(25.6%)占大多数,年龄构成中主要为18~60岁人群。所有供体均使用血管活性药物,其中74.4%供者使用1种或2种血管活性药物。共有37.2%的供者发生感染,肺部为主要感染灶,革兰阴性杆菌是主要的病原菌。供者器官中肾、肝的获取率较高。结论对脑死亡器官捐献案例的分析有助于形成捐献工作处理体系、规范器官维护工作及提高器官获取率。

Objective To analysis the characteristics of 43 successful cases of brain death donation in Hakka area.Methods Retrospective analysis of 43 cases of brain death donors from 2014 to 2019 was taken.The donor′s age,cause of death,occupation,educational background,age composition,means of life support and infection were analyzed.Results There were 43 donors.The main causes of death were craniocerebral trauma caused by traffic accident(60.5%)and cerebral vascular malformation rupture and hemorrhage(13.9%).Among the donors,there were non-fixed occupations such as unemployed(27.9%),free occupation(23.2%)and low education such as middle school(62.8%)and primary school(25.6%).The majority of the donors were aged from 18 to 60.All donors used vasoactive drugs,of which 74.4%used one or two vasoactive drugs.A total of 37.2%of the donors suffered from infection.Lung was the main focus of infection.Gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogens.The acquisition rates of kidney and liver were higher in donor organs.Conclusion The analysis of brain death organ donation cases will help to form a donation work processing system,standardize organ maintenance and improve organ acquisition.