义乌地区过敏性鼻炎相关过敏原分析

Analysis of allergens related to allergic rhinitis in Yiwu area

目的了解义乌地区过敏性鼻炎常见过敏原及其分布特征。方法采用免疫印迹法对1697例AR进行血清过敏原检测,按照性别和月份进行分组并对结果统计分析。结果检出率居前3位的食物性过敏原为淡水鱼(7.13%)、海鱼(6.42%)和蟹(5.36%),检出率居前3位的吸入性过敏原为尘螨(39.72%)、蟑螂(2.65%)和树(2.24%)。食物性过敏原总检出率为33.59%,吸入性过敏原总检出率为55.51%,两者之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男、女在单项过敏原鸡蛋白、虾和霉菌检出率间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性检出率较高。不同月份在单项过敏原尘螨和蟑螂检出率间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同月份过敏原阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),7月-9月过敏原阳性率最高,为58.95%。结论通过血清过敏原检测可明确过敏性鼻炎相应的过敏原,尘螨是本地区过敏性鼻炎常见过敏原。

Objective To understand the common allergens and their distribution characteristics of allergic rhinitis in Yiwu area.Methods Serum allergens were detected by immunoblotting in 1697 AR cases,which were grouped by genders and months,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results The top three of food allergens with the highest detection rate were freshwater fish(7.13%),marine fish(6.42%)and crab(5.36%).The top three of inhaled allergen with the highest detection rate was dust mites(39.72%),cockroach(2.65%)and tree(2.24%).The total detection rate of food allergens(33.59%)were compared with that of inhaled allergens(55.51%),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was a statistical significance on the difference between male and female in the detection rate of single allergen chicken protein,shrimp and mold(P<0.05),and the male detection rate was higher.There was statistical significance on the differences in the detection rate of single allergen dust mites and ticks in different months(P<0.05).The differences on the positive rate of allergens in different months were statistically significant(P<0.05),and the positive rate of allergens was the highest in July-September,which was 58.95%.Conclusion The allergens of allergic rhinitis can be identified by serum allergen test.And dust mites are common allergens of allergic rhinitis in this area.