枣庄市农村地区生活饮用水水质与感染性腹泻发病相关性研究

Correlation between rural drinking water and infectious diarrheal diseases in rural areas of Zaozhuang

目的分析枣庄市农村饮用水水质现况、感染性腹泻发病情况以及两者间的相关性。方法采用主成分分析对枣庄市46个乡(镇)水质状况进行排名,采用Spearman等级相关研究枣庄农村地区2014年-2016年饮用水水质与感染性腹泻发病率之间的相关性。结果2014年-2016年枣庄农村地区饮用水合格率为57.99%,枯水期、丰水期合格率分别为64.22%、51.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.97,P=0.002);出厂水、末梢水合格率分别为72.31%、51.51%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=23.84,P=0.000)。不合格项目主要是微生物指标,其中总大肠菌群超标率最高,超标率为29.39%。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,感染性腹泻发病率与总大肠菌群超标率、水质超标率、水质主成分得分均呈正相关(r值分别为0.420、0.052、0.380,P<0.05)。结论枣庄地区农村饮用水水质对当地感染性腹泻发病率有一定影响,提高水质可能是降低农村居民感染性腹泻病的有效措施。

Objective To analyze the situation of rural drinking water quality and infectious diarrheal diseases in Zaozhuang and to analyze the correlation between them.Methods Principal component score method was used to grade rural drinking water of 46 towns in Zaozhuang.Spearman rank correlation was used to study the correlation between the incidence of infectious diarrheal diseases and drinking water variables in the rural areas of Zaozhuang during 2014-2016.Results During 2014-2016,the qualified rate of drinking water was 57.99% in the rural areas of Zaozhuang.The passing rate in dry season and high water period was 64.22% and 51.76%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=9.97,P=0.002).The qualified rates of plant water and terminal water were 72.31%and 51.51%,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^2=23.84,P=0.000).The unqualified items were mainly microbial indicators,in which the total coliform group had the highest rate of over-standard,and the over-standard rate was 29.39%.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the incidence of infectious diarrhea was positively correlated with the total coliform exceeded rate,water quality over-standard rate and water quality principal component score(r=0.420,0.052,0.380,P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of drinking water in this rural area has some influences on the incidence rate of infectious diarrheal.Improving water quality might be the most effective measures to reduce the infectious diarrheal diseases in rural residents.