2016-2018年昆明市医疗机构污水消毒处理监测结果

Monitoring results of sewage disinfection in medical institutions in Kunming from 2016 to 2018

目的了解昆明市医疗机构污水消毒处理情况,为卫生管理提供科学依据。方法按照GB 18466-2005《医疗机构水污染物排放标准》对医疗机构污水采样监测和结果判定。结果3年共监测426件污水,11项监测指标均合格的114件,总合格率为26.76%,2016-2018年合格率依次为24.53%、25.93%和29.11%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.767,P>0.05)。沙门菌、志贺菌、色度和总氰化物合格率均为100%,总汞、阴离子、表面活性剂、pH值、粪大肠菌群、化学需氧量、悬浮物和总余氯合格率分别为99.77%、99.30%、96.71%、91.08%、91.08%、89.20%和36.15%,经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=465.788,P<0.005)。结论昆明市医疗机构污水监测合格率较低,主要是总余氯、悬浮物、化学需氧量等监测指标不合格;要加强消毒知识和技能培训,加大监管力度,使污水得到规范处理。

Objective To understand the sewage disinfection in medical institutions in Kunming and to provide scientific basis for health management.Methods According to GB 18466-2005 Standard for the discharge of water pollutants in medical institutions,the monitoring and determination of sewage sampling in medical institutions were conducted.Results A total of 426 pieces of sewage were monitored in 3 years,and 114 of them were all qualified for 11 monitoring indexes.The total qualified rate was 26.76%,and the pass rate of each year was 24.53%,25.93%,and 29.11%respectiely.The difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.767,P>0.05).The pass rates of Salmonella,Shigella,chromaticity and total cyanide were all 100%,the total mercury pass rate was 99.77%,the anionic surfactant was 99.30%,the pH was 96.71%,the fecal coliform was 91.08%,the chemical oxygen demand was 91.08%,the suspened matter was 89.20%,and the total residual chlorine was 36.15%.The difference was statistically significant withχ2 test(χ2=465.788,P<0.005).Conclusion The qualified rate of sewage monitoring in Kunming medical institutions is relatively low,that mainly due to unqualified monitoring indexes such as total residual chlorine,suspended matter,and chemical oxygen demand.It is necessary to strengthen disinfection knowledge and skills training,and increase supervision to standardize sewage treatment.