《史记》中门客的叙事功能

On the Narrative Function of the Hangers-on of the Aristocrats in Records of History

门客托身于权贵之门,是历史事件的配角。在《史记》中,门客为恩主排难解纷,推动了情节的发展。门客还会与恩主相互映衬,刻画出传主的个性特征。而门客的进退,反映出恩主地位的变化,司马迁往往借此抒发世态炎凉之感。

The hangers-on of the aristocrats were the supporting roles in historical events.In Records of History,the hangers-on of the aristocrats solved complicated problems for the patrons,by which the development of the plot was promoted.The hangers-on of an aristocrat also mutually complemented with the patron,thus portrayed the personality of the patron.Sima Qian found that the leaving or coming of the hangers-on of an aristocrat depended on the change of the patron’s status.Thus he took this to express the feeling of the fickleness of the world.