湖南省衡阳市2016-2018年出生缺陷医院监测分析与防治现状探讨

Surveillance,analysis and prevention of birth defects in Hengyang city,Hunan province from 2016 to 2018

目的通过分析衡阳市2016-2018年医院出生缺陷监测结果,了解衡阳市出生缺陷发生状况,为今后出生缺陷综合防控政策制定提供依据。方法根据国家妇幼卫生监测中心制定的《中国妇幼卫生监测方案》中的出生缺陷监测要求,以医院为监测点收集资料,对衡阳市175家监测医院的数据进行统计分析。结果 2016-2018年共监测围产儿215 294例,所有出生缺陷2793例,总出生缺陷发生率为129. 73/万。≥28周出生缺陷1802例,发生率为83. 70/万。男性出生缺陷发生率(96. 43/万)高于女性(67. 96/万),差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。≥35岁年龄组出生缺陷发生率明显高于其他年龄组。前十位出生缺陷分别为:先天性心脏病、唇裂合并腭裂、多指(趾)、外耳其他畸形、肾脏畸形、马蹄内翻足、唐氏综合征、并指(趾)、先天性脑积水、肢体短缩、唇裂。结论衡阳市出生缺陷发生率低于全国水平,但仍需加强出生缺陷综合防控,减少出生缺陷发生,提高出生人口素质。

Objective To understand the occurrence of birth defects in Hengyang City by analyzing the monitoring results of birth defects in Hengyang Hospital from 2016 to 2018,and to provide a basis for the formulation of comprehensive prevention and control policies for birth defects in the future. Methods According to the requirement of birth defects monitoring in the " China Maternal and Child Health Monitoring Program" formulated by the National Maternal and Child Health Monitoring Center,data from 175 monitoring hospitals in Hengyang City were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 215 294 perinatal infants were monitored from 2016 to2018,and 2793 cases were with birth defects. The total incidence of birth defects was 129. 73/10 000. There were 1802 cases of birth defects ≥ 28 weeks,the incidence rate was 83. 7/10 000. The incidence of birth defects in males(96. 43/10 000) was higher than that in females(67. 96/10 000),and the difference was statistically significant. The incidence of birth defects in the ≥ 35 years old groupwas significantly higher than that in other age groups. The top ten birth defects were congenital heart disease,cleft lip with cleft palate,polydactyly,other external ear deformities,kidney deformities,equinovarus,Down ’s syndrome,syndactyly,congenital hydrocephalus,limb shortening and cleft lip. Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in Hengyang City is lower than the national level,but comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of birth defects and improve the quality of the birth population.