高层建筑低区公共空间社会效用的定量测度与导控 以虚拟现实与生理传感技术为实现途径

A Quantitative Approach for Measuring Positive Social Impacts of Tall Buildings’ Lower Public Space Utilizing Virtual Reality and Biosensors Techniques

随着亚洲各国城市化陆续从高速推进型向速度与品质兼顾型转变,高层建筑应成为有活力的城市环境的重要组成部分,这个理念已先后在诸多亚洲城市成为共识。在此背景下,文章结合新技术新方法对高层建筑低区公共空间社会效用开展定量化测度研究。上海陆家嘴、香港中环以及新加坡滨海湾三个典型亚洲城市CBD被选为研究案例。文章首先通过案例中大量高层建筑低区公共空间的类型学分析获得具有典型性的构成要素,然后基于正交设计和虚拟现实技术生成数十个具有代表性的沉浸式虚拟现实场景。两百多名被试者根据虚拟现实场景中的体验给出选择偏好,进而通过离散选择模型和层次分析法开展统计分析,计算各要素权重。结果校核由EmpaticaE4手环这一可穿戴生理传感器设备实现。定量化的分析结果可用于高层建筑低区公共空间社会效用可视化评价量表的制定,相关结果也能为案例区域提供针对性导控策略建议,便于其实现相关空间效用优化。

Accompany with the transformationfrom high-speed development toward humancenteredurbanization, designing tall buildings ascritical components of attractive urban habitat hasbecome an important concern in many Asian cities.In this context, this study attempts to fill the gap byproviding an integrated approach for measuring thesocial impact of tall buildings' lower public space. Thecentral business districts (CBD) of three Asian cities,Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Singapore, were selected asthe cases. According to the typological analysis of thecases, representative virtual reality environments oftall buildings' lower public space have bee n gen erated.Based on the preferences collected from more than200 participants, the weightings of different categoriesand elements of tall buildings' lower public space havebeen calculated by utilizing discrete choice models andanalytic hierarchy process. Verification is achieved viaEmpaticaE4 Wristband, a wearable biosensor. Thesequantitative results help to provide a visualized ratingscale for high or low positive social impacts of tallbuildings' lower public spaces. This study also helpsto suggest a design code for tall buildings aimed at amore human-oriented urban habitat.