进退维艰的底层写作——余华小说创作心理的整体观

Underclass Writing in Dilemmas——The Holistic View of Yu Hua’s Novel Creation Psychology

余华底层书写初始冷峻继而温润,至晚近两者的混搭,越过关于冷暖的线性描述,实则统摄于作家"实际上没什么变化"的心理底色以及喜剧性的审美心理。写作的驱力与依赖、死而复活的宣泄方式、作为症候所表征被抑制的羞愧,整体揭示出余华的底层创作心理的意蕴,不妨用斯宾诺莎的名言加以概括:"毋憎恶,毋嘲笑,毋惋惜,唯求理解"。

Yu Hua’s underclass writing was cold originally,but gradually became gentle,and later it seemed to be a mix of the two aspects. His writing transcends the linear description which is cold or gentle,but is actually dominated by the psychological background of the writer that"nothing really changes"and the aesthetic psychology of comedy. It is the driving force and dependence of the writing,the catharsis of death and resurrection and the suppressed shame which is represented as a symptom that together reveal the connotation of Yu Hua’s creation psychology on the underclass. The connotation may well be summarized by Spinoza’s dictum: do not regret,ridicule or abhor,only understand.