嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌——一种潜在的益生菌

A Potential Probiotic: Akkermansia muciniphila

肠道微生物群在宿主代谢和低度炎症的调节中发挥重要作用,许多疾病的发生与肠道菌群紊乱密切相关。因此,以肠道原籍菌为基础的益生菌有望成为许多疾病新的治疗方法。嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌是人体正常肠道菌群的重要成员,占菌群的1%~3%,是一种可降解黏蛋白的细菌,与肥胖、糖尿病、炎症和代谢紊乱呈负相关,近年来成为肠道微生态和益生菌的研究热点。本文将介绍该菌在人体不同部位、不同年龄阶段的定植情况;阐述其生物学特性、在宿主中的代谢及其与人体健康的联系;重点探讨分离培养方法与纯化技术的研究进展,并展望其成为益生菌的可能性和需要开展的研究工作。

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of host metabolism and low-grade inflammation,and the occurrence of many diseases is closely related to gut microbiota dysbiosis.Therefore,probiotics of gut microbiota origin are expected to be a new therapeutic agent for many diseases.Akkermansia muciniphila is an important member of the normal intestinal microbial flora in humans,accounting for 1%~3%of the gut microbiota.It is a mucin-degrading bacterium,with negative correlation to obesity,diabetes,inflammation and metabolismassociated syndromes.It has become a research hotspot of intestinal micro-ecology and a potential probiotic in recent years.This review will introduce the colonization of the bacterium in different parts of the human body at different ages,and explain its biological characteristics,metabolism in the host and its relationship with human health,and focus on the research of isolation methods and purification techniques.We will look forward to its potential to become a probiotic and the research works that needs to be carried out.