1981～2020我国文化政策的价值诉求：基于“五年规划”文本的语词分析

Value Appeals in China’s Cultural Policies (1981-2020):a Lexical Analysis of the Five-year Plan Texts

20世纪80年代以来,各国政府纷纷出台文化政策,由于公共决策的需要,人们开始深入讨论文化价值问题,并基本形成外在与内在价值两分的分析框架。正是基于这种分析框架,通过对1981~2020年我国公共文化政策的重要文本--"五年规划"文本文化表述部分的价值诉求及其排序进行词频统计,我们可得出文化价值诉求的文本证据,并对此予以分析。词频统计结果显示,外在价值的语词占比高达94%,内在价值的语词占比仅为6%,这表明公共政策在文化价值层面呈现出明显的工具化倾向,其内在价值被严重低估与压制,这种倾向及其背后原因值得学术界深思,更应引起公共决策者的关注,否则文化领域公共政策的这种过度工具化倾向,不仅无法改变文化领域"有高原无高峰"局面,也不利于文化的健康发展。

Since the 1980 s, governments of many countries have introduced cultural policies. Due to the need for public decision-making, people begin to make in-depth discussion about cultural values, and have basically formed an analytical framework of external and internal values. Based on this analytical framework, this paper conducts word frequency statistics of the value appeals and their order in the cultural section of the five-year plan texts(1981-2020),important texts of China’s public cultural policies in the new period. From the statistics, textual evidence of cultural value appeals can be obtained and analyzed. The findings from the word frequency statistics show that words about external value account for 94%, while those about internal value only account for 4%. This indicates that public policy in cultural value shows an obvious tendency of instrumentalization, and its internal value is significantly underestimated and suppressed. This tendency and its underlying reasons require deep reflection by academics and should be given more attention to by public decision-makers. Otherwise, the excessive instrumentalization tendency of public policies in the cultural field will not only fail to change the situation that there are many good works in the cultural field, but not the top ones, but also get in the way of the healthy development of culture.