早期语言暴露对儿童语言发育的中长期影响

Medium and long-term effects of early language exposure on children′s language development

早期语言暴露的数量和质量对儿童语言发育的影响是至关重要的。根据儿童的发育年龄,家庭语言输入的质和量应该及时调整。18个月前父母语言输入的总词汇数量最为重要;30个月时输入词汇的多样性与复杂程度尤为重要,其中成人-儿童的对话轮换数同样重要;42个月时叙述、解释等语言输入最为重要。屏幕暴露和电子(发声)玩具对婴幼儿语言发育和亲子交流是弊大于利,在低受教育家庭中的儿童特别容易受到早期屏幕暴露的不利影响。

The influence of quantity and quality of early language exposure on children′s language development is crucial.The quantity and quality of language input should be adjusted in a timely manner depending on children′s developmental age.The quantity of parent′s language input is the most important for children under 18 months old.The diversity and sophistication of words that parents produced,specifically the adult-child conversational turns,play a vital role for children at 30 months old.And the input of narrative and explanation utterances is principal for children at 42 months old.However,screen exposure and electronic(sounding) toys do more harm than good to children′s language development and parent-child interactions.And children in low-educated families are particularly vulnerable to early screen exposure.