徐州地区妊娠期糖尿病与孕妇体成分的相关性及影响因素分析

Analysis on the correlation between gestational diabetes mellitus and body composition of pregnant women and influence factors in Xuzhou

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)与孕妇体成分的相关性及其影响因素。方法选取2017年7月-2018年1月在徐州市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心进行产检的407例24~28周孕妇作为研究对象,根据经口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)检测结果将孕妇分为GDM组(200例)和非GDM组(207例),对两组孕妇进行问卷调查、体成分检测等;采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行多因素Logistics回归分析。结果GDM组孕前体质量、孕前体质指数(BMI)、孕期身体水分含量、蛋白质、矿物质、体脂肪、体质量、骨骼肌、体脂百分比以及孕期体质量增长均明显高于非GDM组(P<0.05)。孕中期体质量过大是GDM的危险因素(P<0.05),年龄≤35岁、孕前BMI≤24 kg/m2、适宜的蛋白质体成分、服用铁剂和服用复合维生素是GDM的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论GDM与体成分相关,应加强孕妇孕期体质量管理,以保护孕妇降低妊娠风险和预防GDM。

Objective To explore the correlation between gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and body composition and its influencing factors.Methods Samples of 407 pregnant women(24-28 pregnancy week)were selected during July 2017 to January 2018 in the Hospital of Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health and Birth Control Center,GDM were diagnosed according to the oral glucose tolerance(OGTT)test,and a questionnaire was conducted,body composition was tested by BIA(bio electrical impedance analysis,BIA),SPSS21.0 statistical software was used for multi-factor logistic regression analysis.Results GDM’s pre-pregnancy weight,pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI),body water content,protein,minerals,body fat,body weight,muscle,body fat percentage and weight gain during pregnancy were obviously higher than those of non-GDM(P<0.05).Overweight in the second trimester was a risk factor for GDM(P<0.05),while age≤35 years,pre-pregnancy BMI≤24 kg/m2,suit protein body composition,taking iron and multivitamin nutritious supplementary were protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is related to body composition and should strengthen the weight management of pregnant women during pregnancy to protect pregnant women from reducing pregnancy risk and preventing GDM.