高产群体花生器官平衡与产量的关系

Relationship between Organ Balance and Yield in High-yielding Peanut Group

花生在生长发育中各器官比例协调是获得高产的关键。在大田条件下,以白沙1016为对照,研究了高产群体花生农花5号器官平衡与产量的关系。试验结果表明,高产群体花生农花5号理想的器官平衡模式是,开花下针期各器官干物重为叶片>茎秆>荚果>根系>果针,结荚期和饱果成熟期为荚果>茎秆>叶片>果针>根系,饱果成熟期各器官的占比分别为59.35%、20.80%、14.92%、2.98%、1.39%;与对照品种相比,农花5号根系占比较大,叶片占比较小,茎秆和果针的峰值出现较早;高产群体花生农花5号单株生物产量、经济产量和经济系数均高于对照。因此,花生若要获得高产,必需保证器官平衡合理,且保持一定水平的生物产量前提下,有较高的经济系数[1]。

It is an key to obtain high yield of peanut that dry matter weight of different organs are coordinately developed during growth.In order to study the relationship between organ balance and yield in high-yielding peanut group,high-yielding variety Nonghua 5 and variety Baisha 1016 as control were investigated in field in 2016 and 2017.The results showed that the ideal model of organ balance in Nonghua 5 were leaf>stem>pod>root>fruit needle in flowering and acicula forming stage.And it was little different in Podding stage and Full fruit mature stage,pod>stem>leaf>fruit needle>root,which endowed dry weight proportion of each organ with 59.35%,20.80%,14.92%,2.98% and 1.39%,respectively.Compared with control,Nonghua 5 had higher root dry weight,less leaf dry weigh and earlier showing peak of stem and fruit needle.As well,biological yield,economic yield per plant and economic coefficient of high-yielding group peanut were all excellent than that of control.Therefore,to obtain high yield,it is necessary to guarantee that the organ balance is reasonable,and also the economic coefficient is high in the light of having a certain level of biological yield.