东北地区秸秆打捆直燃供暖案例及效益分析

Heating Case and Benefit Analysis of Direct Combustion of Bundled Biomass in Northeast China

东北地区每年产生大量秸秆,据测算,辽宁、吉林、黑龙江和内蒙古四省区的可收集秸秆量2亿t·a-1、占全国的24.4%,其中黑龙江省的可收集秸秆量1.1亿t·a-1、占四省区的52.1%。虽然国家和地方出台了一系列禁止露天焚烧秸秆的规定,采取了严格的禁烧措施,同时也投入了大量资金支持秸秆综合利用工作,当面临着大量的秸秆离田处理压力和春季紧张的农事安排,面对农民的诉求,个别省份仍然会留有露天焚烧秸秆的窗口期。针对上述情况,本文对黑龙江、辽宁等地的秸秆直燃锅炉实际运行效果进行了现场调研。首先对东北地区秸秆直燃锅炉供暖案例进行了实地调研,其次对东北地区秸秆直燃锅炉的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益进行了分析,最后针对秸秆直燃锅炉的发展提出了具体对策和措施。

A large amount of straw is produced in Northeast China every year.It is estimated that the amount of straw collected in Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia is 200 million tons per year,accounting for 24.4% of the country.And the amount of straw collected in Heilongjiang Province is 110 million tons per year,accounting for 52.1% of the four provinces and regions.Although the state and local governments have promulgated a series of regulations and adopted strict measures to prohibit open-air burning of straw.As the same time,a large amount of funds have been invested to support the comprehensive utilization of straw.Some provinces still permit a window period for open burning of straws to cater for the farmers when facing the difficulties in removal of straw from the field and the agricultural arrangements in spring.In response to the above situations,on-site investigations on the actual operation effect of straw direct-fired boilers in Heilongjiang Province and Liaoning Provinces were carried out.Firstly,the cases of straw direct-fired boiler heating in Northeast China were investigated on the spot.Secondly,the economic,social and environmental benefits of straw direct-fired boiler in Northeast China were analyzed.Finally,specific countermeasures and measures were put forward for the development of straw direct-fired boiler.