污染环境罪与投放危险物质罪的合理界分——在生态文明视角下重新审视污染环境罪

A Reasonable Boundary between the Crime of Polluting the Environment and the Crime of Placing Dangerous Substances——To Re-examine the Crime of Polluting the Environment from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

从司法案例归纳出法院对污染环境罪和投放危险物质罪的界分逻辑是依据行为人的主观罪过不同以及是行为犯还是结果犯的差异。然而,在新时期建设生态文明社会的新要求下,污染环境罪已经从单纯的只保护公民的合法权益转变为着重保护环境法益,在此基础上,对于两罪的区分应综合考量行为人的主观罪过形式和该行为所侵犯的具体的法律利益。在故意这一心理状态难以评断的情形下,从故意成立的消极要件入手,结合所侵犯法益与"自然"或者"人类"法益的密切程度,判定其具体罪名。

From the judicial case, it is concluded that the court’s logic of the crime of polluting the environment and the crime of placing dangerous substances is based on the difference of the subjective sin of the actor and whether it is the behavioral offense or the result of the crime. However, under the requirements of new cological civilization, the crime of polluting the environment has changed from simply protecting the legal interests of citizens to focusing on protecting the environmental benefits. On this basis, the distinction between the two crimes should comprehensively consider the subjective sin of the actor and the legal benefits of the violation. In the case that the state of mind is difficult to judge, the specific crimes are determined from the deliberate establishment of negative elements by combining with the degree of intimidation of the law and the "natural" or "human" legal interests.