试说“逮及商周,文胜其质”

Talk about “Dai Ji Shang Zhou, Wen Sheng Qi Zhi”

《文心雕龙·原道》中“逮及商周,文胜其质”一语,是刘勰对商周文化的赞词。其中的“胜”字,习见注译本多解读为“胜过”,而推究起来却扞格难通,也与刘勰的文学发展观不相一致。研究发现,这里的“胜”字是“称”的通假字,意为“相称”。“文胜其质”即文质相称,是外在形式与内在质地配合的理想状态。刘勰在熔铸孔子“殷周之质不胜其文”一语的同时,也对语意进行了改造或曰“曲解”。这种“曲解”,对于学术发展更多具有积极意义。

In Wen Xin Diao Long·Yuan Dao,the phrase Dai Ji Shang Zhou Wen Sheng Qi Zhi is Liu Xie's praise of Shang and Zhou culture.Among them,the word Sheng is often interpreted as win,but it is difficult to deduce,which is also inconsistent with Liu Xie's view of literary development.The study found that the word Sheng here is a common word of chen,which is meaning proportionality.Wen Sheng Qi Zhi means that the quality of the text is proportionate,and it is an ideal state in which the external form and the internal quality cooperate.Liu Xie,while casting Confucius's phrase Yin Zhou Zhi Zhi Bu Sheng Qi Wen,also reformed the meaning of the phrase.This kind of misinterpretation has more positive significance for academic development.