12种聚集信息素对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果

Trapping Effects of 12 Aggregation Pheromones on Rubber Bark Beetles

本研究旨在明确12种聚集信息素对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果。采用常规田间害虫调查结合统计学分析的方法,比较12种聚集信息素对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果。结果表明,12种聚集信息素对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果在田间诱捕器不同间距、不同悬挂高度存在显著差异,间距20、35和50 m的诱捕效果均显著高于间距65和80 m,悬挂高度2.0、2.5m的诱捕效果均显著高于1.5、3.0和3.5m,其中(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇、(S)-(+)-小蠹二烯醇、(4S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇诱捕效果最好,间距20、35和50 m的平均单日诱捕虫数分别为56.89、59.06和56.42头,54.69、57.38和53.89头,51.27、54.81和50.36头,悬挂高度2.0和2.5 m的平均单日诱捕虫数分别为57.89和59.06头、53.77和57.38头、50.63和54.81头;对粒材小蠹(Xyleborusperforans)和循胸材小蠹(Xyleborusaquilus)的诱捕数量分别为诱捕害虫总数的48.28%和41.12%、47.89%和41.08%、47.69%和41.05%,平均单日诱捕虫数分别为28.51和23.69头,27.48和23.00头,26.14和21.95头。α-蒎烯和二甲基小蠹诱对橡胶小蠹虫也具有较好的诱捕效果,间距20、35和50 m的平均单日诱捕虫数分别为19.24、22.16、18.12头和18.42、20.96、18.12头;悬挂高度2.0和2.5 m的平均单日诱捕虫数分别为18.23和22.16头、16.32和20.96头;对粒材小蠹和循胸材小蠹的诱捕数量分别为诱捕害虫总数的47.26%和40.02%、47.12%和40.02%,平均单日诱捕虫数分别为10.47和8.87头,9.88和8.39头。随着放置时间的增加,12种信息素对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果呈现先逐渐增加,至30 d时达到高峰,而后又逐渐下降,至60 d后显著下降。(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇、(S)-(+)-小蠹二烯醇、(4S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇对橡胶小蠹虫诱捕效果最好,α-蒎烯、二甲基小蠹诱对橡胶小蠹虫也具有良好的诱捕效果,上述5种聚集信息素诱捕橡胶小蠹虫的适宜田间间距为35~50 m,适宜悬挂高度为2.0~2.5 m,有效期为60 d。

This study aims to understand the trapping effects of 12 aggregation pheromones on rubber bark beetles. Field pest investigation together with one-way ANOVA multiple comparisons were used to compare the trapping effect of the aggregation pheromones. The results showed that the trapping effects of the 12 aggregation pheromones on rubber bark beetles were significantly different in different spacing and suspension heights of field traps. The trapping effects of 20, 35 and 50 m spacing were significantly higher than those of 65 m and 80 m spacing. The trapping effects of 2.0 m and 2.5 m suspension height were significantly higher than those of 1.5, 3.0 and 3.5 m. The trapping effects of(S)-(-)-ipsenol,(S)-(+)-ipsdienol,(4 S)-cis-verbenol showed the best effect, the average number of traps per day of 20, 35 and 50 m was 56.89, 59.06 and 56.42, 54.69, 57.38 and 53.89, 51.27, 54.81 and 50.36, respectively;the average number of traps per day of 2.0 m and 2.5 m hanging height was 57.89 and 59.06, 53.77 and 57.38, 50.63 and 54.81, correspondingly, the percentage of the number of Xyleborus perforans and Xyleborus aquilus was 48.28% and 41.12%, 47.89% and 41.08%, 47.69% and 41.05%, separately, the average number of traps per day was 28.51 and 23.69, 27.48 and 23.00, 26.14 and 21.95, respectively. α-Pinene and dimethyl bark beetle bait also had better trapping effects on rubber bark beetles, the average number of traps per day of 20, 35 and 50 m spacing was 19.24, 22.16, 18.12 and 18.42, 20.96, 18.12, correspondingly;the average number of traps per day of 2.0 and 2.5 m hanging height was 18.23 and 22.16, 16.32 and 20.96, respectively;the percentage of the number of X. perforans and X. aquilus was 47.26% and 40.02%, 47.12% and 40.02%, separately, the average number of traps per day was 10.47 and 8.87, 9.88 and 8.39, respectively. With the increase of field time, the trapping effects of the 12 pheromones on rubber bark beetles increased gradually at first, reached the peak at 30 days, then decreased gradually, and decreased significantly after 60 days.(S)-(-)-ipsenol,(S)-(+)-ipsdienol and(4 S)-cis-verbenol had the best trapping effects and α-pinene and dimethyl bark beetle bait had also good trapping effects on rubber bark beetle, and the suitable field spacing, suspension height and the effective period of the five aggregation pheromones was 35–50 m, 2.0–2.5 m and 60 d, correspondingly.