从《坤舆全图》看16—18世纪关于中亚的地理认知

A Discussion of the Geographic Cognition of Central Asia in 16-18th Centuries through Kunyu Quantu(《坤舆全图》)

南怀仁的《坤舆全图》作为清初刊印的中文版彩色世界地图,既反映出16—17世纪中国经由来华传教士与西方科学文化知识的早期接触,又呈现出这个时期西欧对世界地理的认知。文章对坤舆全图中所绘制的亚欧大陆腹地的中亚地区加以考察,并将之与在此前后于中国刊印的世界地图关于该地区地理认知进行对比,可知中亚地区在16—18世纪经由东西方两种力量的推动下,逐渐完全呈现在世人眼前。这种变化反映出西方科技在中国的传播及其影响。

Ferdinand Fabriest's Kunyu Quantu is a colorful Chinese world map published in the early Qing Dynasty.It reflects China's early contact with the western science and knowledge through the missionaries,and also the knowledge of western European about world geography.This article explores the Central Asia part in the Kunyu Quantu,comparing it with other world maps published in Chinese during 16-18th century.It is suggested that the geography of the Central Asia was made clear by the Qing Dynasty's geographical mapping on this place through the western technologies which was introduced into China through the sea-lane.It indicates the spread and impact of western technology in China.