我国城乡要素市场的二元性再分析与统一建设取向

Duality Analysis and Unified Construction Orientation of Rural-Urban Factor Market in China

改革开放以来,我国要素市场随着整个经济市场化改革的不断深化从无到有,从严重扭曲到逐步纠正,已经形成了结构较为完整、功能比较健全的要素市场体系,但是我国要素市场化发育过程中仍具有显著的城乡二元性特征,这种二元性虽然为我国的工业化、城镇化发展作出了重大贡献,但亦是造成城乡发展不平衡、农村发展不充分的重要原因。进一步破解城乡要素市场的二元性,必须以培育农村市场主体为重点,以畅通城乡要素双向自由流动为关键,以深化改革为手段,以消除价格扭曲为核心,以优化农村环境为支撑,推动形成更高层次、更高水平、更高效率的城乡统一的要素市场,为乡村振兴提供新动能。

Since the reform and opening up,with the deepening of the market-oriented reform of the whole economy,China′s factor market has developed from scratch,from severe distortion to gradual correction,and has formed a factor market system with relatively complete structures and sound functions.But in the process of factor marketization in China,there is still a significant urban-rural duality.Although this duality has made a great contribution to China′s industrialization and urbanization,it is also an important cause of unbalanced urban and rural development and inadequate rural development.To further break the duality of urban and rural factor markets and provide new kinetic energy for rural revitalization,we should promote the formation of a unified urban and rural factor market with higher level,standard and efficiency by focusing on fostering the main body of rural market,promoting the free two-way flow of urban and rural factors,deepening reform,eliminating price distortions and improving the rural environment.