绿色原则在农村土地流转中的贯彻

The Implementation of "Green Principle" in Agricultural Land Transfer

我国《民法总则》第9条确立的绿色原则属于限制性原则,是民法对日益严峻的环境形势的积极回应。《农村土地承包法》作为民事单行法,应当贯彻绿色原则。农村土地流转作为土地承包经营权的主要实现方式,贯彻绿色原则是其重要任务。《农村土地承包法》应在目的条款中增加规定绿色发展理念,创设农民生态环境权;明确规定破坏农业生态环境的农村土地流转合同无效,增加农村土地流转的环境保护附随义务,限制流转合同的履行方式;在农村土地流转的侵权责任方面,增加规定惩罚性赔偿制度,拓展恢复原状的责任承担方式。

Article 9 of the General Principles of Civil Law"Green Principle"is a restrictive principle and a positive response of civil law to increasingly serious environmental situation.As a separate law of civil law,the Rural Land Contract Law should implement the"Green Principle".Rural land circulation is the main way to realize the contractual management right of land.Its main task is to implement the principles of green development.The concept of"green development"should be added to the general purpose clause of the Rural Land Contract Law,the clause of farmers′ecological environment rights and interests should be created.In the contract of farmland transfer,the contract that destroys the agricultural ecological environment should be regarded as invalid contract,the way of fulfilling the contract should be limited,and the collateral obligation of environmental protection should be increased.In terms of tort liability,we should increase the system of punitive damages and expand the way of restoring the original liability.