既有地铁车站功能性改造的客流适应性分析

Passenger Flow Adaptability Analysis for Functional Transformation of Existing Metro Stations

探究既有地铁车站发生功能性改造时的客流适应性,分析存在的问题,为后续地铁车站设计预留提供借鉴。采用对比分析的方法,首先对车站功能变化引起的客流指标进行梳理,然后运用Legion软件对改造前方案、改造方案分别进行动态模拟,发现换乘客流的冲击下既有车站存在的问题,提出车站改造建议,并对改造方案进行比选,最终确定最优方案。研究结果表明,当车站功能由标准站调整为换乘站时,车站客流增幅较大,行人流线组织复杂化,导致楼扶梯设施能力不足,客流冲突点增多,增设楼扶梯可以改善车站服务水平,但由于未作合理预留造成的既有车站规模小、换乘不便捷的问题难以解决。因此,地铁车站设计时要对线网进行前瞻性分析,论证车站功能发生变化的可能性,提前做好规模和换乘接口的预留。

This paper investigates the adaptability of passenger flow in the existing metro station when station function changes, and analyzes the existing problems so as to provide references for the follow-up metro station design. Comparative analysis method is employed to sort out the passenger flow indexes caused by the change of station function, and then the Legion software is used to simulate the pre-retrofit and reconstruction schemes respectively. It is found that problems exist in the station under the impact of passenger flow, and station reconstruction proposal is proposed. Reconstruction schemes are analyzed and the optimal one is determined. The research results show that when the station function is adjusted from a standard station to a transfer station, the passenger flow of the station increases greatly, resulting in complicated pedestrian flow organization, insufficient capacity of the building escalators, and increased passenger flow conflicts. Though the addition of the building escalators can improve the station service level, the problems of restricted station scale and inconvenient transfer due to the lack of reasonable reservation can hardly be solved. Therefore, when designing a subway station, it is necessary to conduct a forward-looking analysis of the network to demonstrate the possibility of changes in the function of the station, and to reserve extension and transfer interfaces in advance.