辋川地理意象的文学内涵与诗性特质——以王维《辋川集》为个案

Literary Connotation and Poetic Nature of Wangchuan’s Geographic Images: Taking Wang Wei’s The Collection of Wangchuan’s Scenic Poems as a Case Study

地理辋川,经过王维的诗意点化,而成为了一种与人与人文相生相发的地缘,弱化了地理的纯粹性与客观性,成为了一种因缘和合的地理意象,一种文化与精神的园林,而不复是一般性的地理名义。《辋川集》组诗,是王维对自然的诗意理解,是王维的一种生命现场,是诗人对于山水地理的诗性感知,是诗人对自然山水的一种精神营造,是对辋川地理客体的审美点化,是诗人情感思想的孕育与生殖,反映或象征了人与自然的和谐关系与美好理想。我们对组诗的研究,虽然主要不是求证或复原昔日的辋川面貌,然这些"辋川意象"所展示的特殊的文学形态,还是为我们提供了感性而诗意认知辋川的重要依据。而辋川地理意象一旦形成,就具有了比较高的文化的稳定性,成为了一个文化母体不变的文化载体。

Geographical Wangchuan,through Wang Wei’s poetic inspiration,has become a kind of geography that is closely related to human beings and humanities.It has weakened the purity and objectivity of geography,and become a kind of geographical image of coincidence,a garden of culture and spirit,and no longer a general geographical name.Group poems from The Collection of Wangchuan’s Scenic Poems are Wang Wei’s poetic understanding of nature,his life scene,a poet’s poetic awareness of landscape geography,a poet’s spiritual construction of natural landscape,an aesthetic appreciation of Wangchuan’s geographical objects,the breeding and reproduction of the poet’s emotional thoughts,and a reflection or symbol of the harmonious relationship and beautiful ideal between man and nature.Although our research on group poems is not mainly to verify or restore the former features of Wangchuan,the special literary forms displayed by these"Wangchuan images"still provide us with an important basis for perceptual and poetic cognition of Wangchuan.However,once the geographical image of Wangchuan is formed,it has a relatively high cultural stability and becomes a cultural carrier with the same cultural matrix.