论《武林怡老会诗集》的尊礼与怡情

On the Respect of Etiquette and Emotion of the Poetry Collection of Wulin Yi Lao Association

《武林怡老会诗集》是明代万历年间张瀚等人唱和诗歌的结集。该集不但呈现了明代官员致仕后的唱和活动,还体现了明人观念中的尊礼思想,展现了唱和者丰富的情感世界。尊礼方面主要体现为:诗集编排上的遵从"四序"、画像编排上的以齿为序、主会形式上的迭为主宾和雅集活动时的有礼有节。这与张瀚本人对礼的坚守、诸老对前代结社的效仿及教化乡邦的观念有关。怡情方面,怡老会诗歌绘耄耋之容、祈寿考之愿,兴桑榆之叹、行及时之乐,情契释道、希冀立言不朽。和前代怡老会相比,其所怡之情更趋平和、更同质化。在情礼关系上,怡老会既崇礼、又怡情,以礼节情,从而使其诗歌呈现出尚雅的特点。明代怡老社团完整保存下社集的不多,《武林怡老会诗集》的文献和文化价值不容忽视。

The Poetry Collection of Wulin Yi Lao Association is a collection of singing poetry by Zhang Han and others in Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty,which not only presents the singing activities of the retired officials in the Ming Dynasty,but also embodies the thoughts of etiquette in their concepts,and shows the abundant emotional world of the singers.The etiquette is mainly reflected in the following aspects:complying with the four orders in the compilation of poetry collections,ordering the ages on the arrangement of the portraits,organizing events in the order of the hosts and the guests,having the courtesy in the activities of elegant collections,which is related to the insistence on the etiquette by Zhang Han,the imitation of the previous generation’s association by the venerable elders,and the perception of civilizing the townspeople.In terms of pleasure,the poetry of the Yi Lao Association conveys the thoughts that poets wish for the longevity,sigh the passage of time and enjoy the pleasure of life here and now.What’s more,the poets tie to Buddhism and Taoism,and hope to achieve immortality through articles.Compared with the poets in the former generation of Yi Lao Association,their emotion tends to be more peaceful and homogeneous.The Yi Lao Association worships etiquette and pleasure in the relationship of affection and etiquette during control emotion by etiquette to make poetry elegant.There are not many complete collections of Yi Lao Association in the Ming Dynasty,whose values for literature and culture cannot be ignored.