沈阳市松材线虫病疫区鞘翅目昆虫扬飞规律研究

Studies on Emergence Regulation of Coleoptera in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Infected Area in Shenyang

为明确沈阳市松材线虫病疫区主要鞘翅目昆虫的物种组成和扬飞规律,2018年4~10月在沈阳市东陵公园疫区始发地(41°50′30.18"N, 123°34′57.64"E)以河流和围栏为边界划分成3个区域,采用BF-Ⅱ型诱捕器和APF-1型诱芯对鞘翅目昆虫进行了诱捕试验,每区设置10个诱捕器,共计30个,诱捕器之间相距50m左右,诱集的昆虫每周收集1次,诱芯45d更换1次。结果表明:共诱捕到鞘翅目成虫12956头,分属5科19种,其中天牛科(Cerambycidae)8种,小蠹科(Scolytidae)5种,象甲科(Curculionidae)4种,埋葬甲科(Silphidae)和郭公虫科(Cleridae)各1种。并对褐梗天牛(Arhopalus rusticus)、松皮天牛(Rhagium inquisitor)、小灰长角天牛(Acanthocinus griseus)、云杉花墨天牛(Monochamus saltuarius)、脊鞘幽天牛(Asemum striatum)、黄色梢小蠹(Cryphalus fulvus)、横坑切梢小蠹(Tomicus minor)、红松根小蠹(Hylastes plumbeus)、角胫象(Shirahoshizo sp.)、松树皮象(Hylobius haroldi)、松黄星象(Pissodes nitidus)和1种捕食性天敌昆虫--拟蚁态郭公虫(Thanasimus lewisi)的诱捕扬飞规律进行了研究。其中诱捕数量占优势的昆虫中,褐梗天牛、云杉花墨天牛、小灰长角天牛、角胫象均已被报道可以携带松材线虫。本研究初步摸清了沈阳市东陵公园鞘翅目蛀干害虫的种类和成虫扬飞情况,为松材线虫病媒介昆虫的进一步研究奠定了基础,同时也为该类害虫的防治和利用提供了参考依据。

In order to investigate the specie s and emergence regulation of Coleopteran beetles at Bursaphelenchus xylophilus infected area(41°50’30.18 "N, 123°34’57.64" E)in Dongling Park, BF-Ⅱ traps and APF-1 lures were employed to trap the adult beetles from April to October 2018 in Shenyang. The infected areawas divided into three zones with rivers and fences as the boundary, sample areas were divided into three plots, 10 traps about 50 meters apart were set in each area with new lures replace every 45 d and the trapped insects are collected once a week. The results showed that a total number of 12,956 individual of coleopteran beetles were trapped and identified, which belonging to 19 species within 5 families, including 8 cerambycid species, 5 scolytid species, 4 curculionid species, 1 silphid species and 1 clerid species. Emergence regulation of 12(Arhopalus rusticus, Rhagium inquisitor, Acanthocinus griseus, Monochamus saltuarius, Asemum striatum, Cryphalus fulvus,Tomicus minor, Hylastes plumbeus, Shirahoshizo sp., Hylobius haroldi, Pissodes nitidus and a natural enemies:Thanasimus lewisi)were investigated. Among which, the first three long-horned beetles and Shirahoshizo sp. were reported to potential vector of B.xylophilus. This study preliminarily identified Coleopteran pest insects and related natural enemies in coniferous forest in Dongling park of Shenyang, which will provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the relevant pest species and further research on insect vector of B. xylophilus.