资源依赖视角下基层政府与社会组织的关系——一个政府购买服务项目的个案分析

The Relationship Between Street-Level Bureaucracies and Non-Governmental Organizations from the Perspective of Resource Dependence Theory: A Case Study of Contracting Social Services

本文运用资源依赖理论分析社区中基层政府与社会组织的关系,通过个案研究的方法揭示社会组织在与基层政府互动过程中,发展出不同类型的资源依赖关系,四种类型分别为:疏远型关系、依附型关系、反向依赖关系、双向依赖关系。面对基层政府任务指标的压力,社工能够凭借经验发展出不同应对策略:寻找共同的核心利益;发挥专业能力;建立互信与互助的工作关系。笔者认为社会组织在社区中通过这些方法策略性地与基层政府互动,能够有限度地维护社会工作的专业价值与使命。

This paper uses resource dependence theory to analyze the relationship between street-level bureaucracies and social organizations in the community. The case study reveals that social organizations,in the process of interacting with street-level officials,have developed different types of resource-dependent relationships: alienated relationship,dependent relationship,reversely dependent relationship and mutually dependent relationship. Facing the pressure from street-level bureaucracies, social workers adopt different strategies through their experience: seeking for common core interests,displaying professional competence,and building the working relationship of mutual trust and support. The author believes that by applying these strategies,social organizations can interact strategically with street-level bureaucracies in the community and maintain their professional value and mission in a limited way.