土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征、来源及风险评价研究进展

Distribution characteristics,sources and risk assessment of phthalate esters in soils:a review

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)作为环境中广泛存在的一类内分泌干扰物,其污染问题已经引起广泛关注。针对土壤中PAEs的检测方法、分布特征、环境来源和风险评价等方面进行综述。土壤样品前处理及分析测试过程中环境、试剂等存在痕量的目标化合物会影响最终检测结果的准确性,排除此环节中的污染干扰尤为重要,色谱-质谱联用技术是精准分析此类化合物的发展方向。中国土壤中PAEs普遍检出,PAEs含量与人类活动和生产方式密切相关,其控制标准和风险评价大多采用国外标准,一定程度上影响了中国不同类型及功能区划土壤质量评价的科学性和客观性。环境友好分析测试技术的开发应用、风险评价体系的建立健全及环境溯源技术的发展将是今后土壤中PAEs研究的主要方向。

The pollution problems of phthalate esters(PAEs)as a class of endocrine disruptors which are ubiquitous in environment,have aroused widespread attention and become a research hotspot.The extraction techniques and quantification methods for the determination of PAEs in soil samples,distribution characteristics,possible sources and risk assessment of PAEs in different soils were reviewed.Analytical results of PAEs in soil were easily too high because of contamination induced from environment and solvent during sample preparation,so reducing or eliminating the system contamination was the primary issue for quantification of PAEs.Chromatography-mass spectrometry combined technology represented the development direction of accurate determination of these compounds.PAEs were widely found in soil of China.PAEs concentrations in soils were closed related to anthropogenic activities and modes of agricultural production.Many studies about PAEs potential risk assessment and pollution control referred to foreign standards,which neglected different soil types and land use fuctions in China,affecting the assessment of soil quality scientifically and objectively.The suggestions for the further researches,including developement of environmentally friendly analysis techniques,establishment of system for risk assessment and tracing techniques of PAEs in soils,were also proposed in this paper.