高密度聚乙烯单聚合物复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of High Density Polyethylene Single Polymer Composites

高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)单聚合物复合材料(SPC)是一种增强体和基体均为HDPE的复合材料,具有力学性能高、界面黏结性好和易回收等优点。热压纤维法和膜层堆叠法是出现最早也是已经产业化的2种SPC制备方法,但其之间的区别尚无专门的讨论。文中分别采用热压纤维法和膜层堆叠法制备了HDPE SPC;比较分析了热压温度、样品的微观结构及力学性能。研究发现,与膜层堆叠法相比,热压纤维法制备的HDPE SPC具有更高的纤维含量,因此具有更高的力学性能;HDPE SPC的拉伸强度和拉伸模量最高分别可达(28.55±0.77) MPa和(746.62±31) MPa,分别是纯HDPE的1.48倍和1.37倍。此外还分析了测试样品的拉伸应力-应变曲线,计算了膜层堆叠法制备HDPE SPC的拉伸强度理论值和热压纤维法制备HDPE SPC中的增强体含量。

High density polyethylene single polymer composite(HDPE SPC), of which reinforcement and matrix are all from HDPE, has the advantages such as high mechanical properties, good interfacial bonding and easy recyclability. Hot compaction and film stacking are the earliest methods for SPC preparation and were also industrialized. In this paper, hot compaction and film stacking methods were used to prepare HDPE SPC, and the influence of the compaction temperature, microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples were analyzed. The results show that the HPDE SPC prepared by hot compaction method can obtain higher fiber content than film stacking method, and thus the HPDE SPC prepared by hot compaction have higher mechanical properties. The tensile strength and tensile modulus of the HDPE SPC prepared by hot compaction method are(28.55±0.77) MPa and(746.62±31) MPa, 1.48 times and 1.37 times of pure HDPE, respectively. The tensile stress-strain curves of the samples were also analyzed. The theoretical values of the tensile strength and modulus of the HDPE SPC prepared by film stacking method were calculated, and the fiber contents of the HDPE SPC prepared by hot compaction method were reversely calculated.