地下金属矿山广义安全管理模型构建及评价

Construction and Evaluation of Generalized Safety Management Model for Underground Metal Mines

为了改变地下金属矿山传统安全管理仅局限于事故预防与隐患控制的现状,使生产系统协调运作,更好地保障作业人员的人身安全,结合广义安全模型,构建了某地下金属矿山安全管理模型,介绍了模型中各级系统及要素的含义及其关联性。为实现广义安全模型中各级系统的信息沟通,综合运用云模型、AHP法和CRITIC法提出了一种既能考虑评价数据模糊性与不确定性又能对各部分权重进行自调整的矿山安全评价方法。将某地下金属矿山的生产系统划分为12个微系统,并得到了各微系统修正后的权重,绘制出矿井与各微系统的安全评价云图。广义安全模型以保障人群和机群协调高效运转为目标,能更好地监控矿井安全状况,所提评价方法有助于获取广义安全模型中各微系统的安全信息,得到考虑主观、客观权重与矿山安全状况波动情况的评价结果。

With the development of safety science,the scope of safety science research is not limited to accident prevention and risk control.The goal of safety management has gradually changed to the pursuit of coordinated operation of the whole system and the protection of people’s physical and mental well-being.And there are still frequent mine accidents and serious safety situation in China.In order to make the safety management of underground metal mines not only limited to accident prevention and hidden danger control,but also to make safety management better protect workers’health and coordinate the operation of production system,combining with the generalized safety model,a safety management model of an underground metal mine was constructed,and the meanings and correlations of all levels of systems and elements in the model were described.In order to realize the information communication of all levels of systems in the generalized safety model,a method considering the fuzziness and uncertainty of evaluation data was proposed by using cloud model,AHP method and CRITIC method.It can also adjust the weight of each part by itself.Using cloud model to unify expert opinions and consider the fuzziness and uncertainty of evaluation data,AHP method to consider the subjective weight,CRITIC method to measure the objective weight and modify the subjective weight.The production system of an underground metal mine was divided into 12 microsystems,such as man-lifting system,etc.The weight of each microsystem was obtained after modification,and the safety assessment grade clouds of the mine and the microsystems were made.The results of evaluation examples show that the mine is in a safe state and the safety situation is stable,but it is necessary to make decision and deal with these problems,such as the low mean value of safety evaluation score of M2,M7 and M8 microsystems,the great fluctuation of safety score of M9 microsystems,and the low mean value and great fluctuation of safety score of M10 and M11 microsystems.Moreover,the weights of M2,M9,M10 and M12 microsystems after modification are relatively high,so we should pay attention to their safety management.The generalized safety model is no longer confined to accident prevention and risk control,aiming at ensuring the coordinated and efficient operation of the crowd and the machine group.It can better monitor the safety situation of the mine,protect the health of the workers and make the whole production system of the mine operate safely and efficiently.The evaluation method proposed in this paper is helpful to obtain the safety information of each system in the generalized safety model,and to obtain the evaluation results reflecting the fluctuation of mine safety situation considering the subjective and objective weights.