Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y-3保鲜剂的制备及对番茄货架期的影响

Preparation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y-3 Preservative and Its Effect on Shelf Life of Tomato

为获得对番茄货架期腐烂率控制具有良好效果的解淀粉芽孢杆菌Y-3可湿性粉生物保鲜剂,采用单因素和平板活性检测相结合的方法,筛选出对解淀粉芽孢杆菌Y-3活性影响最小的最佳载体和助剂及其配方,并在此基础上采用活体试验和货架试验对制剂的最佳稀释倍数和货架期腐烂控制效果进行测定。结果表明:解淀粉芽孢杆菌Y-3生物可湿性粉保鲜剂最佳配方为:发酵液70%、膨润土10%、PEG8000 2.4%、净洗剂LS 3.6%、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)2%、膨润土补足100%;药剂稀释倍数为≤300倍;红熟番茄经解淀粉芽孢杆菌Y-3可湿性粉生物保鲜剂浸泡15 min后,可20℃货架11 d,且使病果率和腐烂率分别控制在7.35%和10.75%,明显低于对照。说明该生物保鲜剂不仅对番茄采后早疫病和灰霉病病原具有良好防治效果,而且可有效减少红熟番茄货架期腐烂率和病果率,在延长番茄货架供应时间方面具有重要意义。

In order to obtain the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y-3 wettable powder biological preservative for effectively controlling the decay rate of tomato during shelf life,the single factor and plate activity detection methods were combinedly used to screen the best carrier and composite additive,which it had the least effect on activity of strain Y-3.In addition,the best dilution ratio and the control effect of formulation on decay rate of tomato during shelf were determined in vivo and by shelf experiment,respectively.The results showed that the best formula of B.amyloliquefaciens Y-3 bio-wettable powder preservative was fermentation broth 70%,bentonite 10%,PEG 8000 2.4%,detergent LS 3.6%,sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na) 2% and bentonite was used to add 100%.The dilution times of formulation was ≤300 times and the red ripe tomato could be shelved at 20 °C for 11 days when tomato was soaked in the solution of B.amyloliquefaciens Y-3 wettable powder biological preservative for 15 min.In addition,the disease rate and decay rate of tomato were 7.35% and 10.75%,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of the control.In conclusion,the biological preservative of strain Y-3 could not only have good effect on post-harvest disease of A.solani and B.cinerea of tomato,but also effectively reduce the decay and disease rate of red ripe tomato during shelf life,it was of great significance in extending the shelf supply time of tomato.