水胶体透明敷料对单采血小板皮下淤血患者淤血消退和疼痛的护理效果

Nursing effect of hydrocolloid transparent dressing on reduction of stasis and pain in plateletpheresis patients with subcutaneous ecchymosis

目的探讨水胶体透明敷料对单采血小板皮下淤血患者淤血消退和疼痛的护理效果。方法将陕西省榆林市中心血站84例自愿捐献血小板时发生皮下淤血患者按简单随机分组法分为常规组和研究组,各42例。常规组给予常规热水袋热敷针眼,研究组给予水胶体透明敷料对针眼进行护理。观察2组护理前和护理后1、3、5、7d皮下淤青的最大直径和视觉模拟疼痛评分法(VAS)评分变化。记录皮下淤血消退时间和针眼感染情况。结果2组护理后1、3、5、7d皮下淤血最大直径较护理前显著缩短(P<0.05),研究组护理后3、5、7d皮下淤血最大直径短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组护理后3、5、7d VAS评分均较护理前显著降低(P<0.05),且研究组显著低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组皮下淤血消退时间短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组无针眼感染发生,常规组出现2例针眼轻微感染,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论水胶体透明敷料能促进单采血小板皮下淤血的吸收和消退,减轻疼痛和避免穿刺针眼感染。

Objective To explore the nursing effect of hydrocolloid transparent dressing on reduction of stasis and pain in plateletpheresis patients with subcutaneous ecchymosis.Methods A total of 84 patients with subcutaneous ecchymosis during voluntary platelet donation in Yulin Central Blood Station in Shaanxi Province were randomly divided into routine group and study group,with 42 in each group.The patients in the study group were treated with hydrocolloid transparent dressing,while those in the conventional group were given hot compress by hot-water bags on the needle eyes.The maximum diameter of subcutaneous ecchymosis and changes of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score before nursing and at 1,3,5,7 d after nursing were observed,and the subsided time of ecchymosis and infection condition of needle eyes were recorded.Results The maximum diameter of ecchymosis in the two groups decreased significantly at 1,3,5,7 d after nursing,and was significantly shorter at 3,5,7 d in the study group than that in the conventional group(P<0.05).The VASscores at 3,5,7 d after nursing in the two groups were significantly lower than before nursing(P<0.05),and was significantly lower in the study group than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).The subsided time of subcutaneous ecchymosis in the study group was shorter than that in the conventional group(P<0.05).Pinhole infection only occurred in the control group,and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Hydrocolloid transparent dressing can promote the absorption and reduction of subcutaneous congestion,relieve the pain and avoid the occurrence of needle hole infection.