体制转换视域下的德国能源转型研究

The German Energy Transition as a Regime Shift

文章运用适应性分析框架,将德国能源转型(即将德国能源系统转变成基于可再生能源来源的系统)阐释为一场体制转换。这场体制换转涉及技术、政治和经济体系及结构的变化。文章首先梳理了技术、政治和经济方面的发展如何降低传统化石燃料-核能体制的适应性,如何创造出可再生能源体制运行的能源系统;其次阐述了支撑德国可再生能源体制运作的公共政策话语和整个能源政策方向性的改变;最后强调了提高可再生能源体制韧性所面临的挑战。尤其要指出的是,就促进整个能源系统向可再生能源体制转换而言,提升输电网的适应性是至关重要的。

In this paper,I use the resilience framework to interpret the project of transforming the German energy system into a renewable energy sources(RES)-based system,the so-called Energiewende,as a regime shift.This regime shift comprises several transformations,which are currently altering the technological,political and economic system structure.To build my argument,I first sketch how technological,political and economic developments reduced the resilience of the conventional fossil-nuclear energy regime and created a new RES-regime.Second,I depict recent changes in German public discourse and energy policy as the shift to the RES-regime.Third,I highlight the challenges involved with increasing the resilience of the RES-regime.In particular,sufficient resilience of the electricity transmission grid appears to be crucial for facilitating the transformation of the whole energy system.