裸鼹鼠抗化学诱癌因素特性的研究

The Characteristics of Anti-chemical Cancer Inducing Factors in Naked Mole-rat

目的利用化学致癌物对裸鼹鼠和小鼠分别进行诱导,探讨裸鼹鼠抗化学诱癌因素的特性。方法成年裸鼹鼠(52周龄)与成年小鼠(8周龄)分别使用乌拉坦、亚胺基偶氮甲苯(OAAT)诱导3个月。观察乌拉坦诱导后肿瘤发生情况,体质量和白细胞计数变化;观察OAAT诱导后主要脏器组织病理变化。结果小鼠在乌拉坦诱导3个月后开始发生肺肿瘤,诱导结束后2个月肿瘤发生率大于50%,平均体质量及白细胞含量显著下降;而裸鼹鼠在诱导结束后2个月仍然保持健康的生理状态,平均体质量及白细胞指标无显著变化。OAAT诱导3个月后,小鼠的胸腺、脾脏、肝脏、小肠及骨髓均可见明显的病理改变,而裸鼹鼠相应器官与组织未见异常。结论裸鼹鼠对于化学致癌因子具有天然的抗性,其生活状态、生化指标、组织器官的形态与功能在化学诱癌药物刺激下均未发生明显的改变。

Objecttive Chemical carcinogens were used to induce naked mole-rats and mice,respectively, to study the characteristics of anti-chemical carcinogens in naked mole-rats. Methods In the adult naked mole-rats(52 weeks) and the adult mice(8 weeks), urethane and o-aminoazotoluene(OAAT) were respectively used to induce tumor formation in the two groups of animals for 3 months.The incidence of tumor in animals were observed, the leukocyte count and body weight of the animals were detected after urethane injection. The pathological changes in the main organs of the animals were observed after OAAT smear. Results After 3 months of urethane mutagenesis, lung tumors could be observed in the mice, and the average body mass continued to decline and the content of white blood cells significantly decreased. Two months after the end of mutagenesis, the incidence of the tumor was more than 50%. However, the naked mole-rat group still maintained a healthy physiological state, with no significant changes in average body weight,white blood cell indicators. Three months after OAAT mutagenesis, obvious pathological changes occurred in thymus, spleen, liver, small intestine and bone marrow of mice, while no obvious lesions were found in the corresponding organs and tissues of naked mole-rat. Conclusion Naked mole-rats have natural resistance to chemical carcinogens, and their living conditions, biochemical indicators,and the morphology and functions of tissues and organs cannot be affected by external chemical carcinogens.