脂质代谢基因FAS、5-LOX在乳腺癌发病过程中表达变化

Expression changes of lipid metabolism genes FAS and 5-LOX in the pathogenesis of breast cancer

目的研究脂质代谢基因脂肪酸合成酶(Fatty acid synthase,FAS)、5-脂氧合酶(5-lipoxygenase,5-LOX)在乳腺癌发病过程中的表达变化。方法选取2016年3月至2019年3月在四川省人民医院就诊的乳腺癌患者50例,选取同一时期我院乳腺良性疾病患者30例,采集癌组织以及距离癌组织5cm以上的癌旁组织制作标本,检测FAS、5-LOX基因,免疫组化染色。结果癌组织FAS基因表达24.00%低于癌旁组织50.00%和良性乳腺组织93.33%,5-LOX基因表达96.00%高于癌旁组织40.00%、良性乳腺组织33.33%(F/P=36.05/0.01,44.22/0.01)。Ⅲ-Ⅳ期FAS基因表达35.00%低于Ⅰ-Ⅱ83.33%,5-LOX基因表达100.00%高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ46.67%(χ~2/P=12.17/0.01,15.69/0.01)。有腋窝转移FAS基因表达25.93%低于无腋窝转移91.30%,5-LOX基因表达96.30%高于无腋窝转移43.48%(χ~2/P=21.55/0.01,17.19/0.01)。FAS、5-LOX之间呈负相关(r=-0.315,P=0.023)。结论脂质代谢基因FAS在乳腺癌患者中低表达,5-LOX高表达,与乳腺癌患者TNM分期、腋窝转移有关,参与乳腺癌疾病发展。

Objective To study the expression changes of fatty acid synthase(FAS) and 5-lipoxygenase(5-LOX) in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Methods Fifty patients with breast cancer were selected from March 2016 to March 2019. Thirty patients with benign breast diseases in our hospital during the same period were selected. Cancer tissues and adjacent tissues more than 5 cm away from cancer tissues were collected. The expression levels of FAS and 5-LOX genes were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The expression of FAS gene in cancer tissues was 24.00%, lower than 50.00% in adjacent tissues and 93.33% in benign breast tissues. The expression of 5-LOX gene was 96.00% in cancer tissues, higher than 40.00% in adjacent tissues and 33.33% in benign breast tissues(F/P=36.05/0.01, 44.22/0.01). The expression of FAS gene in stage III-IV was 35.00%, lower than that in stage I-II(83.33%), while the expression of 5-LOX gene in stage III-IV was 100.00%, higher than that in stage I-II(46.67%)(χ~2/P=12.17/0.01, 15.69/0.01).The expression of FAS gene with axillary metastasis was 25.93%, lower than that without axillary metastasis(91.30%), while the expression of 5-LOX gene was 96.30%, higher than that without axillary metastasis(43.48%)(χ~2/P=21.55/0.01, 17.19/0.01). There was a negative correlation between the expressions of FAS and 5-LOX(r=-0.315, P=0.023). Conclusion The expression of FAS was low in breast cancer patients, while the 5-LOX expression was high. The expression of FAS was associated with TNM stage and axillary metastasis, which may be involved in the development of breast cancer.