白山市人工影响天气作业能力发展沿革及效益分析

Evolution and Benefit Analyses of Weather Modification Operation Capacity in Baishan City

白山市从20世纪90年代开始开展人影作业,目前有有地面作业站30个,年增雨(雪)作业能力可达1~3亿m^3。结合2012年5月29日长白山森林防火作业、2018年3月曲家营水库蓄水作业、2014年7-8月农业抗旱作业三次典型人影作业个例,分析了开展人工影响天气作业在白山市森林防火、水库蓄水、农业抗旱等方面的主要作用,结合白山现有作业能力,提出了白山人影工作的重要性及其经济和社会效益,进而得出每年作业次数20次,预计可产生9000万元经济效益。

This paper analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation in Baishan.The demand of forest fire protection,forest growth,reservoir impoundment,etc.are summarized in details.Considering the current situation of artificial rain increase in Baishan city,the importance,relevant opinions and suggestions on economic and social benefits of the artificial weather influence in Baishan,are put forward.The average annual precipitation in Baishan City is 859.6 mm,but distribution in time and space are severely uneven.The forest coverage rate is 83%,but forest fires are increasing year by year,so the demands of forest-economy,reservoir impoundment and droughts on agriculture are in outstanding.Since the 1990s,Baishan City started running the operations of artificial weather modification,at present,there are 30 ground operation-stations,and the annual rain(snow)operation capacity can reach up to 1-3 billion cubic meters.Based on following 3 typical cases,the Changbai Mountain Forest Fire Prevention Operation on May 29,2012,the Qujiaying Reservoir Water Storage Operation in March 2018,and the Agricultural Drought Control Operation in July and August 2014,we analyzed the main role of artificial weather impact on forest fire prevention,reservoir impoundment and drought resistance in Baishan city.According to existing operating capacity in Baishan,the importance of economic and social benefits by the artificial weather influence in Baishan are estimated.Then it is concluded that the number of operations per year should be about 20 times,which is expected to produce$90 million in economic benefits.Therefore,it will be a higher input-output ratio for Baishan city.