民间汉川马口陶器“八仙坛”造型及图饰

Research on the Shape and Decoration of the "Eight Immortals Jar" of the Hanchuan Makou Pottery

始于明隆庆年间的汉川马口陶器,以刻花来装饰器物是其最显著的特色。马口陶器的罐体使用灰釉刻花的方式成型,造型敦厚体别致,图饰极具写意的手法,挥洒豪放,充满着活力。其中流传至今的"八仙坛"是马口窑中具有代表性的器具,在坛子的1/8或1/4面积上,八仙人物神态各异,完整雅正,充满着浓郁的民间文化的底蕴。制陶艺人用竹签以速写形式来刻画人物,寥寥数笔,看似雕刻随意却不失神韵,神态惟妙惟肖,极为有趣。对"八仙坛"所积淀的这种民间刻花艺术的探究,可以为马口窑陶器保护和传承的可持续发展营造新的生态空间。

The Hanchuan Makou pottery,which began in the Ming Dynasty,is the most prominent feature of carving utensils.The pot body of the Makou pottery is formed by engraving with gray glaze.The shape is thick and chic,and the figure is very freehand,which is full of vitality.Among them,the"Eight Immortals Jar"that has been passed down to the present is a representative tool in the Makou kiln.In the eighth or a quarter of the jar,the Eight Immortals have different looks,complete and elegant,rich in folk culture.The pottery artist uses bamboo sticks to sketch characters in a sketched form,and counts the number of pens.It seems to be sculptural but not lost,and the look is very interesting.The exploration of this folk engraving art accumulated in the"Eight Immortals Jar"can create a new ecological space for the sustainable development of the protection and inheritance of Makou kiln pottery.