医用钛及钛合金表面改性技术的研究进展

Research Development of Surface Modification Technology of Biomedical Titanium and Titanium Alloy

随着现代医学和材料科学的快速发展,植介入治疗技术在临床的应用越来越广泛。作为植入医疗器械的重要材料,医用钛及钛合金已广泛应用于骨科、口腔科等临床医学领域。然而,钛元素活泼的化学特点使得医用钛及钛合金的表面极易形成一层惰性的钝化膜,虽然具有优异的耐蚀性能,但是其表面不具有生物活性,从而影响了植入器械与软硬组织的结合。此外,医用钛及钛合金作为关节器械,其在体液环境下的摩擦磨损性能不佳,磨损情况下的腐蚀也不理想,因此亟需有效的改性技术来改善医用钛及钛合金的表面性能。基于此,本文针对近期开展的医用钛及钛合金表面改性技术研究,综述了物理气相沉积、等离子喷涂、离子注入、激光熔覆、溶胶-凝胶合成等表面改性手段在改善医用钛及钛合金表面性能的研究现状,并对医用钛及钛合金表面改性技术的研究进行了展望。

With the rapid development of modern medicine and materials science,the application of implant interventional therapy in clinical practice has become more and more extensive.As an important material for implanting medical devices,titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used as biomedical devices and components in orthopedic and oral implants.Titanium and titanium alloys form stable passive oxide film on the surface.This protects titanium alloy from corrosion and is responsible for the excellent biocompatibility of titanium alloy.However,medical titanium and titanium alloys as joint instruments have poor friction and wear performance in body fluid environment,and their corrosion resistance under wear conditions is not ideal.Therefore,effective surface modification techniques are needed to improve the surface properties of medical titanium and titanium alloys.This paper briefly reviews different surface modification methods that have been applied to titanium and titanium alloys such as physical vapor deposition,plasma spraying,ion implantation,laser cladding,sol-gel synthesis,etc.And the review concludes with further prospect of research in developing better surface modification technology of medical titanium and titanium alloy.