中国及“一带一路”沿线主要国家进口贸易与创新研发关系研究

Research on Import and Innovative R&D between China and Major Countries along the Belt and Road

“一带一路”创新共同体建设过程中存在较强的行政化特征,创新合作以直接技术转移等援助型方式展开,那么,区域内进口贸易能否充实“一带一路”建设实质内容、转变合作方式、提高创新研发整体水平?研究发现,区域内国家创新研发水平是非对称的,拥有先进技术的国家对提高区域整体创新研发水平作出了贡献,扩大进口的贸易政策是国家创新研发的正向激励,但需要提供完善的风险保障机制;进口中间品、最终品提高了进口国创新研发强度,进口最终品缩小了两国之间创新研发差距,这有利于提高区域内创新研发整体水平;进口贸易可以通过要素禀赋结构调整效应、技术溢出效应、质量提升效应影响创新研发,其中技术溢出效应是主要途径。

Based on theoretical derivation and empirical test,this paper finds that the level of countries′R&D in the region is asymmetric,and countries with advanced technology have contributed to the improvement of the overall level of R&D.The trade policy of expanding imports is a positive incentive for national R&D,however,it is necessary to provide a reliable guarantee mechanism.Both imported intermediate and final products are to the importing countries in the field of R&D,but imported final products can narrow the gap of R&D intensity between two countries and improve the overall level of R&D.Import can have an impact on R&D in the mechanism of factor endowment structure adjustment,technology spillover,and quality improvement.Among them,technology spillover is the main way.