VPT污油泥处理工艺技术及设备开发与应用研究

Research on VPT oily sludge treatment process technology and equipment development and application

"VPT污油泥处理工艺技术及设备"采用污油泥减压蒸馏耦合高温热分解技术、连续定量化进出料的热气密技术和成套设备,它将间歇减压蒸馏耦合回转窑高温热分解技术成功应用于大庆油田污油泥处理,实现热分解后的固体产物含油率低于3 000μg/g,满足GB 4284-2018《农用污泥污染物控制标准》B级污油泥的要求。减压蒸馏工序第一阶段为升温脱水(50~180℃),第二阶段为轻质油组分蒸发析出(180~380℃),通过减压蒸馏实现油、水分离,为热分解(碳化)工序提供稳定的原料。热分解(碳化)工序第一阶段为热解馏分油析出(温度为380~500℃),第二阶段为半碳化(500~600℃),第三阶段为矿物质分解(大于600℃)。从固相分解出来的气相物质由冷凝(冷却)单元回收轻质油组分,未冷凝的不凝气回收后作为燃料气。

"VPT oily sludge treatment process technology and equipment" adopts sludge vacuum distillation coupled with pyrolysis technology, continuous quantitative hot gas tightness technology and complete set of equipment. The intermittent vacuum distillation coupled with rotary kiln high temperature pyrolysis technology is successfully applied to Daqing oilfield sludge treatment. The oil content of solid products after pyrolysis is less than 3 000 μg/g, which meets the class B oily sludge requirements of GB 4284-2018 "Control standards of pollutants in sludge for agricultural use". The first stage of vacuum distillation is temperature rising dehydration(50~180 ℃), and the second stage is precipitation of pyrolysis ditillate(180~380 ℃). The separation of oil and water is realized by vacuum distillation to provide stable feedstock for thermal decomposition(carbonization) process. The first stage of the thermal decomposition(carbonization) process is the pyrolysis distillation oil resolution(380~500 ℃), the second stage is the semi carbonization(500~600 ℃), and the third stage is the mineral decomposition(more than 600 ℃). The light oil component in gas phase material decomposed from the solid phase is recovered by the condensation(cooling) unit, and the uncondensed non condensable gas is recovered as the fuel gas.