结构间隙对夹芯式复合装甲结构抗侵彻性能的影响

Influence of structural interspace on anti-penetration performance of sandwich composite armor system

采用由厚度为8 mm的前置钛合金板、面密度为60 kg/m2的高强聚乙烯纤维增强复合材料层合板抗弹芯层、厚度为8 mm的后置钢板构成的夹芯式复合装甲,模拟舰船舷侧复合夹芯舱壁结构。根据面板与芯层间是否设置20 mm的间隙,将复合装甲结构定义为无间隙式、后间隙式及前后间隙式。为研究以上3种结构在55 g圆柱体弹高速冲击下的抗弹性能及破坏机理,开展了系列弹道实验,分析了钛合金板、高强聚乙烯纤维增强复合材料层合板芯层及钢质面板的破坏模式,探讨了结构间隙对复合装甲结构抗弹性能的影响。结果表明:前置钛合金板的破坏模式为剪切冲塞,靶板背弹面产生脆性断裂并伴随碎块崩落现象;聚乙烯纤维增强复合材料板的破坏模式及钢质背板的变形范围受间隙的影响较大,前置钛合金板受间隙影响较小;相同载荷侵彻下,间隙的存在有利于提高复合装甲结构的抗弹性能。

A sandwich composite armor consisting of an 8 mm thickness front titanium alloy plate,a 60 kg/m2 planar density high-strength polyethylene fiber reinforced composite laminate core layer and an 8 mm thickness rear steel plate was used to simulate the structures of composite sandwich bulkheads on ship sides.According to whether there was an interspace of 20 mm between the panel and the core,the composite armor structures were defined as non-interspace type,back interspace type and front-back interspace type.In order to study the anti-penetration performance and failure mechanism of the above three structures under high-speed impact of a cylindrical projectile with the mass of 55 g,a series of ballistic tests were carried out.The failure modes of the titanium alloy plate,the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite laminate core,and the steel panel were analyzed,and the influence of the structural interspace on the anti-penetration performances of the composite armor structures was obtained.The results show that the failure mode of the front titanium alloy plate is shear plugging,brittle fracture occurs on the bullet surface of the target plate and is accompanied by debris collapse;that the failure mode of the polyethylene fiber reinforced composite plate and the deformation range of the steel back plate are greatly affected by the interspace,while the front titanium alloy plate is less affected by the interspace;and that the existence of interspace is beneficial to improve the anti-penetration performances of the composite armor structures.