黑龙江省老年人家庭照顾者的抑郁情绪现状及其影响因素

Study on the Status Quo of Depressive Mood and Its Influencing Factors among the Elderly Family Caregivers in Heilongjiang Province

目的:分析黑龙江省老年人家庭照顾者产生抑郁情绪的相关因素,为减少抑郁情绪及减轻照顾负担提供建议。方法:采用现场调研方法,在黑龙江省抽取612名老年人的家庭照顾者进行问卷调查,对数据进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果:老年人家庭照顾者的SDS抑郁得分为(57.15±9.61),抑郁情绪检出率为81.4%。照顾者抑郁情绪产生的影响因素(P<0.05)包括老年人的收支平衡情况[收支平衡OR(95%CI)=0.023(1.106-3.766),入不敷出OR(95%CI)=1.773(1.015-3.099)]、照顾者自评健康状况差OR(95%CI)=5.612(1.259-25.022)、照顾者负担状况OR(95%CI)=1.029(1.009-1.050)、照顾者家庭工作冲突状况OR(95%CI)=1.072(1.026-1.119)。结论:老年人家庭照顾者产生抑郁情绪的可能性较高,其影响因素与多方面有关,缓解照顾者抑郁情绪需社会和政府多方面协作。

Objective:To analyze the related factors of depressive mood in elderly family caregivers in Heilongjiang Province, and to provide suggestions for reducing the depressive mood and the burden of caregivers. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 612 elderly family caregivers in Heilongjiang Province with the on-site investigation method. The survey covered the basic situation of family caregivers and the elderly, Zarit caregiver burden interview(ZBI), the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and family-work conflict scale. Results: The prevalence rate of depressive mood was 81.4% reported by family caregivers, the average score of SDS was(57.15±9.61). The influencing factors of depressive mood in caregivers(P<0.05) included balance of payments in the elderly[balance of payments OR(95%CI)=0.023(1.106-3.766), expenditure over income OR(95%CI)=1.773(1.015-3.099)], family caregivers rated themselves as having poor health OR(95%CI)=5.612(1.259-25.022), caregiver burden status OR(95%CI)=1.029(1.009-1.050), caregiver family and work conflict situation OR(95%CI)=1.072(1.026-1.119). Conclusion: The family caregivers of the elderly are prone to depressive mood, and the influencing factors are related to many aspects. To alleviate the depressive mood of caregivers, it is necessary to cooperate with the society and the government in many aspects.