重庆市某医学院校本科新生抑郁症状及其影响因素

The Depressive Symptom and Its Influencing Factors of Undergraduate Freshmen in a Medical School in Chongqing

目的:探究重庆市某医学院校本科新生抑郁状态,研究影响其发生的因素,进而为医学新生的心理卫生保障提供循证依据。方法:利用人群基本情况问卷、抑郁知识知晓情况问卷和Beck抑郁量表中文版,采用分层整群抽样法,以某医学院校本科新生为对象进行问卷调查。结果:有效样本1929个,总检出率35.98%。研究显示是否经常感到孤独、是否有心理压力、有心理问题是否会寻求帮助等心理卫生状况,每周体育锻炼情况、身体健康状况、团体活动喜欢程度等生活行为习惯,以及抑郁知识知晓情况共7个因素都会影响医学本科新生抑郁症状的产生。结论:该医学院新生的抑郁症状检出率较高,且多为轻中度。他们对抑郁知识虽有一定了解,但仍需加深认识;医学院校应该加强本科新生的心理卫生保健工作。

Objective: To explore the depressive symptoms and its influencing factors among medical freshmen in a medical school in Chongqing, which will provide evidence for the mental health assurance. Methods: The basic status questionnaire, the depression knowledge questionnaire and the Chinese version of Back Depression Inventory(BDI)were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the medical freshmen by stratified cluster sampling method. Results: 1929 valid samples were obtained, the prevalence rate was 35.98%. This study showed that many factors would affect the occurrence of depressive symptoms, including whether medical freshmen felt lonely, whether medical freshmen had psychological pressure, whether medical freshmen sought help when they had psychological problems, and the situation of weekly physical exercise, group activity likeness, physical condition, and depression knowledge. Conclusion: The depressive symptoms of the medical freshmen are prevalent, mostly mild to moderate. Although they have a certain understanding of depression knowledge, they still need to deepen their understanding. The Medical schools should pay more attention to the mental health care work of undergraduate freshmen.