新中国成立初期中国共产党启动文字改革的动因及决策过程

Chinese characters, People and Country:the Motivation and Decision-making Process of the Chinese Communist Party to Start the Reform of Chinese Characters in the Early Period of the Founding of PRC

在实现“政治翻身”之后,扫盲和普及教育的需要成为中国共产党启动文字改革最为重要的现实动因,这反映了党和政府想在短时间内提高民众文化水平的迫切愿望;文字改革工作者所构建的文字改革理论为这项改革提供了思想支撑;党和政府的鼎力支持是新中国文字改革工作得以提上日程并进入实质性研究和推行阶段的政治前提条件;越南和朝鲜等国家推行文字拼音化改革之后,在识字扫盲方面所取得的成就对新中国的文字改革工作产生了很大的推动和示范作用。中国共产党领导的文字改革并不是“苏化”的结果,而是从人民和国家的利益出发,为了识字扫盲、普及教育和发展文化,服务于社会主义国家建设。

After the realization of“political turnaround”,the need for eliminating illiteracy and promoting universal education had become the most important realistic motivation for the CPC to start the reform of Chinese characters,which reflected the party and the government’s urgent desire to improve the people’s cultural level in a short time.The theory of character reform constructed by experts provided ideological support for this reform.And the full support of the CPC and the central government was the political prerequisite for the new Chinese character reform to be put on the agenda and enter the stage of substantive research and implementation.What’s more,the achievements in eliminating literacy from the reform of alphabetization in Vietnam and North Korea had greatly promoted the reform of Chinese characters.Therefore,the reform of Chinese characters under the leadership of the CPC results not from being assimilated by the Soviet Union,but from the interests of the people and the country,in order to promote the universal education and cultural development of the country,and serve the modern construction of the socialist country.