人工关节材料的表面润滑设计与应用

Surface Lubrication Design and Application of Artificial Joint Material

人工关节的摩擦磨损问题仍然是基础研究中最重要的问题,借助表面改性技术改善假体的摩擦学性能是人工关节未来发展的必经之路。从润滑角度考虑,对假体关节材料摩擦性能的研究主要集中在表面功能化润滑结构设计以及新型仿生润滑剂研究两方面。针对功能化润滑结构,介绍表面织构设计以及聚合物刷的应用,分析表面织构参数对不同运动工况下摩擦副摩擦性能的影响,阐述表面织构的润滑机制;总结不同种类的聚合物刷结构对摩擦体系耐磨性能的调控,阐明"刷型"结构在摩擦界面的水润滑特点,提出环境介质对聚合物刷结构及性质的影响作用。针对关节润滑剂,介绍传统的关节滑液组分向聚合物仿生润滑剂的拓展。指出微/纳结构的嵌套设计与协同润滑以及润滑剂结构仿生与功能仿生的结合,将是未来的重要发展方向。

The friction and wear of artificial joints is still the most important problem in basic research.It is necessary for the future development of artificial joints to improve the tribological behavior by means of surface modification technology.From the perspective of lubrication,the research on the friction performance of prosthesis joint mainly focuses on the design of surface functionalized lubrication structure and the new bionic lubricants.In view of the functional lubrication structure,the surface texture design and the application of polymer brush were mainly introduced.The influence of surface texturing parameters on the performance of friction pairs under different motion conditions was analyzed,and the lubrication mechanism of surface texturing was expounded.The regulation of the wear resistance of friction system by different kinds of polymer brushes was summarized,and the water lubrication characteristics of polymer brushes at the friction interface were clarified.The effects of environmental media on the structure and properties of polymer brushes were proposed.In view of the joint lubricant,it was introduced that the traditional synovial fluid components were extended to polymer bionic lubricants.It was pointed out that the embedded design of micro/nanostructures and the combination of synergistic lubrication and lubricant structure bionics with functional bionics will be the important development direction in the future.