蒯因论逻辑真句之基础（英文）

Quine on the Ground of Logical Truths

有关于逻辑真句的语言性教条主张:逻辑真句都是纯粹基于语义而为真,或纯粹基于其中所包含的逻辑字词的意义而为真;但蒯因是这个教条的著名反对者。蒯因有多个反对该语言性教条的论证,而且各个乍看都相当有力。不过,如果我们仔细检视这些论证,我们将会发现这些论证的理据其实并不够充足。本文仔细分析了蒯因历来所给出的数个反对该教条的论证,并力图指出每个论证的弱点;甚至使用了一个弹弓型的论证去反驳蒯因的某个论证。本文的结论是:有关于逻辑真句的语言性教条以及分析/综合语句的区别,并未因蒯因的绵密论证攻击而倾倒。

It is well known that Quine objected to the linguistic doctrine of logical truths according to which logical truths are true purely by virtue of the language,or true purely by virtue of the meanings of logical words occurring in them.Quine’s reasons for rejecting the linguistic doctrine of logical truths are various and seemingly powerful.However,a closer look at Quine’s arguments shows that,the authors believe,they are at most inconclusive.In this paper,the authors scrutinize several arguments given by Quine in his work and endeavor to point out the weakness of these arguments.The authors conclude that the linguistic doctrine of logical truths,and hence the analytic/synthetic distinction,is not undermined by Quine’s attacks.