基于粒子群优化的半整车半主动模糊PI 控制悬架研究

Research on semi-active fuzzy-PI control suspension of semi-complete vehicle based on particle swarm optimization

针对不同路况下车辆悬架力学性能复杂多变的问题,利用数值分析方法研究半整车半主动悬架的性能特征。根据半整车半主动悬架的力学原理,建立半整车半主动动力学数学模型;利用2个模糊PI控制器分别控制车辆的前后轮,得到模糊PI控制悬架系统;利用粒子群算法对模糊PI控制悬架系统进行优化,得到不同悬架的车身质心加速度、车身俯仰角加速度、前后轮变形量与前后悬架动挠度性能参数的变化规律与均方根值,并分析悬架性能参数对车辆性能的影响以及各性能参数之间的内在联系。对2种PI控制悬架的可靠性进行研究,结果表明:2种PI控制悬架性能与被动悬架相比,均有很大改善,且利用粒子群优化后的模糊PI控制悬架的综合性能最好;当车辆在不同的路面行驶时,2种PI控制悬架均具有较好的可靠性。

Aiming at the complex mechanical properties of the vehicle suspension under different road conditions,the numerical analysis method was proposed to study the performance characteristics of the semi-active suspension of the semi-complete vehicle.According to the mechanical principle of the semi-complete semi-active suspension,the semi-active dynamics mathematical model of the semi-complete vehicle was established.The fuzzy-PI control suspension system was obtained by using two fuzzy-PI controllers to respectively control the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.The fuzzy-PI control suspension system was obtained by using particle swarm optimization.The variation law and root mean square values of the acceleration of the vehicle body centroid,the acceleration of the vehicle body pitch angle,the deformation of the front and rear wheels,and the dynamic deflection of the front and rear suspension were obtained.The influence of the suspension performance parameters on vehicle performance and the intrinsic relationship between performance parameters were analyzed.The reliabilities of the two PI control suspensions were analyzed.The results showed that the performances of the two types of PI control suspensions were greatly improved compared with the passive suspension,and the comprehensive performance of the fuzzy-PI control suspension based on particle swarm optimization was the best.The two types of PI control suspensions had good reliability when the vehicle ran on the different roads.